Less than a decade ago, Michigan looked like it was shifting to the right. The historic labor state, home to the United Auto Workers’ headquarters in Detroit and a rich tradition of working-class politics, had a two-term Republican governor, a Republican attorney general, a Republican secretary of state, and solid Republican majorities in both houses of the state legislature. In 2016, after decades of backing Democrats in presidential races, Michigan rejected Hillary Clinton and chose Republican Donald Trump, providing Trump with 16 Electoral College votes that were critical to his victory.

Then the Democrats staged an epic comeback. In 2018, they won the governorship and the races for attorney general and secretary of state. They also passed Proposal 2, a citizen-initiated constitutional amendment that set up an independent redistricting commission tasked with replacing legislative maps that had been gerrymandered to favor the Republicans. In 2020, Democrat Joe Biden beat Trump by a comfortable margin of more than 150,000 votes—a significantly stronger finish than in the other “blue wall” states, Wisconsin and Pennsylvania, that flipped to the Democrats that year. And in 2022, Democrats retained the top three jobs in the state and took control of the state House and state Senate. “We got our clocks cleaned,” admitted state GOP chair Pete Hoekstra.

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December 2024 Issue

By 2023, Democrats had enacted measures to defend reproductive rights, restore protections for workers and their unions, and make the Great Lakes State a leader on a host of economic, social, and racial justice issues.

But the experience of being beaten down in the 2010s shook the faith of a lot of political seers. They still saw Michigan as vulnerable to a Republican resurgence. There were skeptics who wondered whether Michigan Democrats could maintain the momentum. Last week, they got their answer, in a pair of special elections that determined that Democrats could maintain the unified grip on the state government that has allowed them to chart such a bold course.

Special elections are always challenging, as they tend to draw fewer voters and give those who do turn out an opportunity to send a message to people in power. And these elections were in suburban Detroit districts where Democratic incumbents, both of whom had been elected to local mayoralties last fall, had stood down—leaving the two parties with a 54-54 tie in the state House. These were districts where, though Democrats had some advantages, a backlash against the party could have left it without control of the legislature. And these particular special elections gave Republicans an opportunity to target all their energy and resources on flipping suburban seats and potentially derailing Whitmer’s agenda.

But that didn’t happen—not by a long shot. Last Tuesday’s contests produced big wins for a pair of pro-choice Democrats, giving the party a 56-54 majority and a clear path to carry forward with a progressive agenda that includes funding free community college for all high school graduates, establishing free preschool for 4-year-olds, and addressing gun violence and school safety.

In a district representing parts of Macomb and Wayne counties, Democrat Mai Xiong, who came to the United States as a 3-year-old Hmong refugee and eventually became a Mccomb County commissioner, won 65 percent of the vote. In a suburban Wayne County district, Peter Herzberg, a City Council member in Westland, won 60 percent of the vote.

What accounted for the landslide victories in contested races that drew major media attention? Xiong and Herzberg both benefited from strong support from Whitmer, and a muscular Democratic Party. They also ran as energetic supporters of reproductive rights, a stance that has benefited Democratic contenders in states across the country since the US Supreme Court’s 2022 decision to overturn Roe v. Wade.

Pundits keep suggesting that the political potency of this issue will fade. But there were no signs of that happening in Michigan, as Democratic Legislative Campaign Committee President Heather Williams noted. “Michigan has been a shining example of what can be accomplished when Democrats are in control—from action on gun violence to expanding healthcare access,” she said. “Voters want their fundamental freedoms protected, and tonight’s elections delivered a clear rebuke of GOP extremism and attacks on reproductive care.”

Defending reproductive rights remains a resonant issue in Michigan and other battleground states, such as Wisconsin, Pennsylvania, Nevada, and Arizona. But that’s not the only advantage Democrats had on Tuesday. Whitmer’s appeal, as a popular and effective governor with a growing list of accomplishments, also helped boost the Democratic numbers. So, too, did strong labor support for the Democrats.

That bodes well for Michigan Democrats in the fall, and for the candidate who will top the party’s ballot line: Joe Biden.

Michigan has been one of the biggest concerns for Democratic strategists as the 2024 election approaches. In the center of that blue wall of Northern industrial states that the party pretty much has to carry in order to hold the presidency, Michigan also has an open US Senate seat and several contests that could be critical to deciding which party controls the US House after November.

All three blue-wall states swung to Republican Donald Trump in 2016 and then voted for Biden in 2020. Unlike in most other “battleground” states, Biden’s 2020 win in Michigan was a healthy one—he beat Trump by a 51-48 margin. That led to speculation that Biden might be able to count Michigan among his “safe” states in 2024. But Michigan was looking vulnerable even before the October 7 Hamas attack on Israel, and the ensuing Israeli attack on Gaza stirred the political pot with speculation that the state’s highly engaged and influential block of Arab American voters, concentrated in cities such as Dearborn, could turn against Biden and deprive him of a statewide win.

That’s still a significant factor in calculations regarding the November contest, as Biden and top Democrats have failed to put sufficient pressure on Israel to accept a cease-fire to stop the killing and avert mass starvation in Gaza. There’s no question that Biden’s stance has hurt him; more than 100,000 Michigan Democratic primary voters cast “uncommitted” ballots in an effort to send a pro-cease-fire message to the president.

Polls generally suggest that the November race in Michigan will be tight, with both candidates struggling to get anywhere near 50 percent. But the Michigan Republican Party is in disarray. Dueling factions attempted to hold separate conventions in early March, the party chair was removed earlier this year amid complaints about “financial instability” and “chaos in our party,” and infighting has grown so intense that pollster Richard Czuba recently described the state GOP as “a dysfunctional dumpster fire,” and argued, “Not one thing occurring right now at the state GOP will help them to elect candidates. Nothing.”

On the other hand, Michigan Democrats keep winning, as Tuesday’s results illustrated. As the DLCC’s Abhi Rahman said Wednesday, “These victories bode well for candidates up and down the ballot in November.”

Joe Biden will be hoping she’s right.