Senator Dianne Feinstein, who died Thursday night, was, by any measure, a towering figure in Californian and national politics. For half a century, from her time in San Francisco city government in the 1970s through to her recent status as the Senate’s oldest member, she broke through glass ceilings and left her stamp on a range of policies—from gun control through to pushing back against the post-9/11 CIA torture regime. With fellow Senator Barbara Boxer and House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, she was part of a troika of extraordinarily powerful Californian women who helped reshape national politics over the past generation.

On most issues, Feinstein was a self-proclaimed moderate, at times seeming to relish her ability to provoke her more radical opponents. For most of her career, she was pro–death penalty, although that stance put her at odds with the California Democratic Party. (In 2018, she finally came out against capital punishment.) She was also a national security hawk, in an age when many on the left of the Democratic Party were deeply suspicious of the military-industrial complex.

There will be, over the coming days, plenty of obituaries of Senator Feinstein, providing the granular details of her political career. This is not one of them. That Feinstein will be remembered as one of the hardest-hitting members of the Senate, I have no doubt. That she also overstayed her welcome on the political stage, I am equally sure of.

Feinstein, in recent years, bounced from one health crisis to the next; over the past couple years, there was serious doubt as to her mental competence to continue serving as a senator. It was, at best, unclear whether she was providing proper Senate representation to her 40 million constituents. Feinstein ought to have gracefully bowed out in 2018, ceding her role to a younger person. Instead, she fought and won a primary race against the now-disgraced Kevin de León, and then went on to win the general election in a follow-up campaign against de León, who had finished second in the open primary and qualified for a general election runoff against the senator.

That she didn’t retire in 2018 ultimately turned out to be Feinstein’s tragedy, putting her rather undignified decline—her battles with shingles and its after-effects, her confusion over how to vote and what the Senate rules were, even her seeming inability to remember that she had been absent from Washington, D.C., for a prolonged period of time as she recovered from shingles—firmly in the public eye. Every health crisis was, in these years, turned from a private matter to a subject of national speculation. She became a symbol of modern America’s gerontocratic politics.

Feinstein had already stepped down as the top Democrat on the Senate Judiciary Committee—having aroused the wrath of many in her own party for what they saw as her inappropriate praise for Republicans on their handling of the Amy Coney Barrett confirmation hearings. Then, last year, with a growing chorus of Democratic politicians calling on her to step down, she reluctantly announced that she wouldn’t run for reelection in 2024.

That set the stage for a scramble to replace her: Congresspeople Katie Porter, Barbara Lee, and Adam Schiff all threw their hats in the ring. Recent polling has shown that the two front-runners are Schiff and Porter. Lee, herself in her late 70s and hardly a generational change from the nonagenarian Feinstein, has been polling a distant third.

Now, however, the state will end up with a new senator more than a year before the 2024 election. California gives the governor the power to appoint an interim senator, and Governor Newsom has, since 2021, said he would appoint an African American woman should a Senate vacancy open up.

Lee has been angling to fulfill that role, but earlier this month Newsom announced that he was more likely to appoint a caretaker senator as a way not to tip the scales in next year’s primary fracas. The Oakland congresswoman responded scathingly, saying it would be insulting to appoint an African American woman solely as a caretaker senator. Many progressive organizations in the state, including She The People, a political network of women of color, poured scorn on Newsom’s decision.

Feinstein’s death removes a critical vote for Democrats in the near-evenly divided senate. With the government on the verge of a shutdown—and with the judiciary committee evenly divided without the presence of a senator from California, making it likely that Biden’s judicial nominations will be stalled—it’s a vote the party can’t afford to forgo for long. When Newsom appointed Alex Padilla to replace Kamala Harris in the Senate, the process took more than a month. This time around, he will likely have to make an appointment within a matter of days.