Billionaires tend to buy what they want: mansions, yachts, spaceships, communications platforms, connections that allow them to transform nations. That’s a global reality in what will be remembered as an age of resurgent plutocracy. Contemporary oligarchs obtain influence in different ways—in some nations, through direct bribes and shady business arrangements; in others with slightly more genteel democratic sensibilities, through the sort of election expenditures that former US Senator Russ Feingold has long described as “legalized bribery.”

The head of today’s billionaire class, Elon Musk, has used his fortune to insert himself into the electoral processes of many countries—most notably the United States, where the world’s richest man spent upwards of $260 million to secure the election of a malleable lesser billionaire as president. With the threat of additional spending against dissenting Republicans in the Congress, Musk has so intimidated one of the country’s two major parties that he is now widely seen as guiding key affairs of state from a perch as Donald Trump’s “special government employee.”

But the South African-born billionaire does not appear to be satisfied with the outsized role he has assumed with regard to the federal government. He now seeks to influence elections at the state level too—and, in so doing, to upend the civic architecture of a country where the historic and constitutional mandate was for a division of powers that guarded against kingly overreach.

This week, a Musk-backed political action committee, Building America’s Future, bought a reported $1.5 million in advertising time on television stations across the state of Wisconsin, where one of the most critical elections of 2025 will be decided on April 1. The race is for an open seat on the state’s powerful Supreme Court, which currently has a 4–3 progressive majority. The senior member of the court, widely respected progressive Justice Ann Walsh Bradley, is standing down. Running to replace her are Dane County Circuit Court Judge Susan Crawford, who is backed by Bradley and dozens of current and former jurists and court commissioners from across Wisconsin, and former Wisconsin attorney general Brad Schimel, a right-wing ally of former governor Scott Walker who was appointed to a Waukesha County judgeship after being defeated in his 2018 reelection bid for the AG post.

If Crawford wins, progressives will maintain their majority on a court that has been asked to prioritize cases involving abortion rights, labor rights, and free and fair elections. Since Wisconsin is an intensely contested battleground state where five of the last seven presidential contests have been decided by under 30,000 votes, the court’s decisions carry significant national implications.

Fearful that his anti-union agenda could be upended, along with other policies that he and his right-wing legislative allies implemented before voters swept him from office in 2018, Walker has been working overtime to nationalize the Supreme Court race. He’s made no secret of his desire to get conservatives from outside Wisconsin excited about Schimel’s bid, declaring, “The April 1 election is important for those of us in Wisconsin, but it is also vitally important to the rest of the nation.”

The former governor’s message looks to have gained traction with right-wing donors, including, it appears, Musk. The mega-billionaire has made it clear that he favors Schimel, even if he does not seem to know much about how elections are run in Wisconsin. In January, after the court candidates filed their petitions to get on the ballot, Musk tweeted on his X platform, “Very important to vote Republican for the Wisconsin Supreme Court to prevent voting fraud!”

Wisconsin voters elect Supreme Court candidates on a nonpartisan ballot, which means it is not possible to cast a vote this April on the Republican line—or, for that matter, the Democratic line.

Historically, court races in Wisconsin saw candidates attract bipartisan support. That’s less common in today’s hyper-partisan era, when huge amounts of out-of-state money pour into the state’s high-stakes judicial contests. As in the 2023 race that flipped the court from conservative to progressive control, that money tends to follow partisan lines. Along with labor and business groups, the state’s Democratic and Republican parties have been increasingly active in court contests. Crawford has gotten a boost from wealthy Democratic donors, while Schimel has attracted significant support from top Republican funders. Much of the money has come in the form of so-called “late independent expenditures,” such as a $1.35 million ad buy from Fair Courts America, an Illinois-based group funded primarily by billionaire conservative donor Dick Uihlein, which is expected to attack Crawford.

But the entry of the Musk-aligned group has stirred things up in Wisconsin, where media reports and political discussions have focused intense scrutiny on the billionaire’s latest political move.