{"html":"\u003C!-- Advertisements --\u003E\n\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022\u003E\n\tkey = [];\n\tvalues = [];\n\u003C\/script\u003E\n\t\t\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\tkey.push(\u0022tn_keyword\u0022);\n\t\t\tvalues.push(\u0022\u0027bernie-san\u0027, \u0027bill-clint\u0027, \u0027hillary-cl\u0027, \u0027inequality\u0027, \u0027poverty\u0027\u0022);\n\t\t\u003C\/script\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\tkey.push(\u0022tn_author\u0022);\n\t\t\tvalues.push(\u0022\u0027alejandr-m\u0027, \u0027jeanne-t\u0027\u0022);\n\t\t\u003C\/script\u003E\n\t\t\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022\u003E\n\tjQuery( document ).ready(function($) {\n\t\tcustom_targeting = false;\n\t\tif (key.length \u003E 0 && values.length \u003E 0) {\n\t\t\tcustom_targeting = true;\n\t\t}\n\t});\n\u003C\/script\u003E\n\t\u003Cdiv id=\u0022tn_pixel_204683_1\u0022 style=\u0027height:0px; width:0px;\u0027\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\u003Cdiv id=\u0022tn_pixel_204683_2\u0022 style=\u0027height:0px; width:0px;\u0027\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022postid-204683 scrolltrace\u0022 articlelisttitle=\u0022Why It Matters That Hillary Clinton Championed Welfare Reform\u0022 articlelistlinks=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/article\/why-it-matters-that-hillary-clinton-championed-welfare-reform\/\u0022 article-post-id=\u0022204683\u0022\u003E\n\t\n\t\u003Carticle id=\u0022url-title\u0022\u003E\n\t\u003C!-- Banner Image --\u003E \n\t\t\t\u003Cheader class=\u0022article-header\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022article-header-content\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cul class=\u0022article-info\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\u003Cli class=\u0022category\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/subject\/poverty\/\u0022 class=\u0022anchor_subject\u0022\n subjectlink=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/subject\/poverty\/\u0022\u003EPoverty\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022subcategory\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/keyword\/hillary-clinton\/\u0022\u003EHillary Clinton\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli class=\u0022subcategory\u0022\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/keyword\/bill-clinton\/\u0022\u003EBill Clinton\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\t\t\t\t\u003C\/ul\u003E\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\u003Ch1 class=\u0022title\u0022\u003EWhy It Matters That Hillary Clinton Championed Welfare Reform\u003C\/h1\u003E\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\u003Ch2 class=\u0022subtitle\u0022\u003EAs poor people suffer without a safety net, it\u2019s time for the two Democratic candidates to start talking about restoring the welfare system. \u003C\/h2\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022byline\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Ch2 class=\u0022author_name\u0022\u003EBy \u003Ca class=\u0022author\u0022 href=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/authors\/alejandra-marchevsky\/\u0022\u003EAlejandra Marchevsky\u003C\/a\u003E and \u003Ca class=\u0022author\u0022 href=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/authors\/jeanne-theoharis\/\u0022\u003EJeanne Theoharis\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/h2\u003E\t\t\t\t\t\u003C!--\u003Ch2\u003EBy\u003C\/h2\u003E--\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Ch4 class=\u0022time is_date article_pub_time\u0022\u003EYesterday 4:56 pm\u003C!--\u003Cspan\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022\u0022 class=\u0022click_comment\u0022\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan\u003E3 Comments\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E--\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\u003C\/h4\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003Cul class=\u0022article-share\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca class=\u0022social-share fb\u0022 href=\u0022javascript:void(0)\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan\u003EFacebook\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca class=\u0022social-share tw\u0022 href=\u0022javascript:void(0)\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan\u003ETwitter\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca class=\u0022social-share email\u0022 href=\u0022javascript:void(0)\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan\u003EEmail\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca class=\u0022social-share tn_print\u0022 href=\u0022javascript:void(0)\u0022 onclick=\u0022tn_print_fn()\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan\u003EPrint\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003C\/ul\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\u003C\/header\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\u003Csection class=\u0022article-body abody-204683\u0022 \u003E\n\t\t\u003Caside class=\u0022left full-width-mobile image wide indent\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Ca class=\u0022gallery imgHover\u0022 href=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Hillary_Childcare_AP_img.jpg\u0022 title=\u0022Hillary Clinton visits an early childhood development center in Brooklyn, New York in 2015, weeks before announcing her candidacy for President. (AP Photo \/ Kathy Willens)\u0022\u003E\u003Cimg src=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Hillary_Childcare_AP_img.jpg\u0022 alt=\u0022Hillary Clinton at Childcare Center in Brooklyn\u0022\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cp class=\u0022caption\u0022\u003EHillary Clinton visits an early childhood development center in Brooklyn, New York in 2015, weeks before announcing her candidacy for President. \u003Cspan class=\u0022credits\u0022\u003E(AP Photo \/ Kathy Willens)\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/aside\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cdiv style=\u0022clear:both\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EHot on the campaign trail in South Carolina last week, Bernie Sanders attacked Hillary Clinton for her role in pushing to overhaul the welfare system in 1996. \u201cI spoke out against so-called welfare reform because I thought it was scapegoating people who were helpless, people who were very, very vulnerable. Secretary Clinton at that time had a very different position on welfare reform\u2014strongly supported it and worked hard to round up votes for its passage.\u201d A day later former President Bill Clinton swiped back. “There’s no question that [welfare reform] did far more good than harm,” he said, but added that “subsequent events showed it needs some improvement.”\u003Caside class=\u0022ad full-width-mobile right grey_back\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\u003Cdiv id=\u0022ad-halfpage-204683-0\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/advertising-policy\u0022 class=\u0022ad-policy\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003EAd Policy\u003C\/a\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003C\/aside\u003E\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\tjQuery( document ).ready(function($) {\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tcall_ad(\u0027halfpage\u0027,\u0027ad-halfpage-204683-0\u0027,\u0027tn_politics_government_ros_halfpage_1\u0027,\u0027tn_politics_government_ros_halfpage_mobile_1\u0027,custom_targeting,key,values);\n\t\t\t\t\t\t});\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/script\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Clintons have championed welfare reform for over twenty years\u2014even as study after study has shown that it has severely harmed poor families, and driven an historic number of black and Latino children into deep poverty. In the early 1990s, they designed a strategy to lure white voters back to the Democratic Party: capitalize on white disgust towards \u201cdependent\u201d black and Latina mothers on welfare within a liberal veneer that promised them a \u201chand-up, rather than a hand-out.\u201d As First Lady, she\u00a0not only cheered her husband\u2019s goal to \u201cend welfare as we know it,\u201d but she also helped whip up support for the 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Reconciliation Act (PRWORA), the legislation that remade the welfare system: \u201cI agreed that he should sign it and worked hard to round up votes for its passage,\u201d she \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2008\/04\/11\/us\/politics\/11welfare.html?_r=0\u0022\u003Erecounted\u003C\/a\u003E in her 2003 memoir \u003Cem\u003ELiving History\u003C\/em\u003E. Later, as senator, she continued to applaud it, referring in one 2002 interview to people who had left welfare as \u201cno longer deadbeats\u2014they\u2019re actually out there being productive.\u201d Even as\u00a0recently as her 2008\u00a0run for president, she defended the welfare-to-work legislation as \u201cenormously successful,\u201d while lamenting that \u201cpeople who are more vulnerable\u201d would suffer more during the recession.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003E\u201cThey don\u2019t acknowledge the number of people who were hurt. It\u2019s just not in their lens,\u201d Peter Edelman, a friend of Hillary\u2019s since law school and former assistant secretary of social services at the Department of Health and Human Services, \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2008\/04\/11\/us\/politics\/11welfare.html?_r=0\u0022\u003Esaid\u003C\/a\u003E of the Clintons in 2008.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EBut in her current campaign for president, Clinton, who is running as a \u201cpragmatic progressive,\u201d has publicly avoided the issue. At a time when many Americans are outraged over economic and racial injustice, she is quiet on the subject of welfare reform because it tells a story of how she betrayed poor people of color, and undermines her image as a feminist candidate who has been a lifelong champion for women and children.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EYet, nearly two decades after the Clintons helped make PRWORA the law of the land, welfare reform remains a defining \u201canti-poverty\u201d policy\u2014one that urgently\u00a0needs to be discussed. Its legacy still ripples through the country, where families remain as poor as\u003Cspan\u003E\u2014or, in many cases, poorer than\u003Cspan\u003E\u2014before,\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u00a0but with one crucial difference:\u00a0today, the \u201creformed\u201d welfare system provides little safety net, and no hand up. Instead, it traps poor mothers into exploitative, poverty-wage jobs and dangerous personal situations, deters them from college, and contributes to the growing trend of poor mothers who can neither find a job nor access public assistance. It is our failed social policy\u2014not simply the recession\u2014that is responsible for crisis-level poverty in the United States.\u003Caside class=\u0022right hidden-on-mobile most-popular-plus-ad\u0022\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022most-popular hover_b_remove\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Ch3\u003EMost Popular\u003C\/h3\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022popular-article\u0022\u003E\u003Ch4\u003E1\u003C\/h4\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/article\/bernie-sanders-just-won-two-of-his-biggest-endorsements-in-a-long-campaign\/\u0022\u003EBernie Sanders Just Won Three of His Biggest Endorsements in a Long Campaign\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022popular-article\u0022\u003E\u003Ch4\u003E2\u003C\/h4\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/article\/thank-you-melissa-harris-perry-tears-for-nerdland\/\u0022\u003EThank You, Melissa Harris-Perry\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022popular-article\u0022\u003E\u003Ch4\u003E3\u003C\/h4\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/article\/get-a-grip-donald-trump-isnt-ushering-in-a-fascist-movement-in-america\/\u0022\u003EGet a Grip: Donald Trump Isn\u2019t Ushering in a Fascist Movement in America\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022popular-article\u0022\u003E\u003Ch4\u003E4\u003C\/h4\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/article\/hillary-clinton-does-not-deserve-black-peoples-votes\/\u0022\u003EWhy Hillary Clinton Doesn\u2019t Deserve the Black Vote\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\u0022popular-article\u0022\u003E\u003Ch4\u003E5\u003C\/h4\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/article\/six-lessons-for-bernie-sanders-from-the-south-carolina-primary\/\u0022\u003E6 Lessons for Bernie Sanders From the South Carolina Primary\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/aside\u003E\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EStatistics tell a sobering story about the persistence of poverty in the post-welfare reform era. In \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/talkpoverty.org\/basics\/\u0022\u003E2014\u003C\/a\u003E, a record 47 million Americans\u2014nearly one in six\u2014lived below the poverty line (which comes to $23,850 a year for a family of four. Economic deprivation is closely tied to racial inequality, as poverty rates for Latinos, African Americans, Native Americans, and Southeast Asians range between 23 and 38 percent, compared to 10 percent for whites.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EYet, as racial and economic conditions deteriorated in the early 21st century, our nation\u2019s tattered safety net caught fewer and fewer people. Whereas before \u201creform,\u201d cash assistance reached 68 percent of eligible poor households, that figure had dropped to 26 percent by 2013. In ten states today, fewer than 10 out of every 100 eligible families receive cash assistance, and in \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/nymag.com\/daily\/intelligencer\/2016\/02\/bring-welfare-back.html\u0022\u003EWyoming\u003C\/a\u003E, just 4 percent of poor children live in a household that receives TANF. \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/article\/us-poverty-past-present-and-future\/\u0022\u003EIn most states, the value of a TANF check has dropped by 20 percent or more since 1996.\u003C\/a\u003E In \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.stltoday.com\/news\/local\/govt-and-politics\/gop-backed-welfare-measure-costs-nearly-missouri-families-benefits\/article_30905b13-3dc6-538f-93e1-a40a4fab02d8.html\u0022\u003EMissouri\u003C\/a\u003E, where a recently enacted anti-welfare measure kicked nearly 4,000 low-income families off of TANF just this year, the average household receives $217 per month.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EIndeed, data shows a sharp spike in families living in extreme poverty these days. Sociologists Kathryn Edin and H. Luke Shaefer \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.twodollarsaday.com\/\u0022\u003Ereport\u003C\/a\u003E that, in 2011, about 20 percent of poor households with children\u2014about 1.46 million households\u2014were surviving on $2 or less per person per day in a given month. The authors report that, \u201cThe prevalence of extreme poverty rose sharply between 1996 and 2011. This growth has been concentrated among those groups that were most affected by the 1996 welfare reform.\u201d Extreme poverty is most pronounced for black families, who experienced a 183 percent increase during this period, compared to 132 percent for Latinos and 110 percent for whites.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EPut simply: In the aftermath of welfare reform, people most in need\u2014disproportionately families of color\u2014fall through the shredded public safety net, making it increasingly difficult to escape poverty.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\u003Caside class=\u0022left twitter-quote indent\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe Clintons have championed welfare reform for over twenty years—even as study after study has shown that it has severely harmed poor families.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Ca target=\u0022_blank\u0022 class=\u0022tw span_article_tweet\u0022 href=\u0022http:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?text=The+Clintons+have+championed+welfare+reform+for+over+twenty+years%E2%80%94even+as+study+after+study+has+shown+that+it+has+sev http:\/\/thenat.in\/1pmTwMH\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/p\u003E\t\u003C\/aside\u003E\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp style=\u0022text-align: center;\u0022\u003E* * *\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EThe story of welfare reform goes back to the early 1990s. Back then, Hillary and Bill Clinton as well as their allies at the center-leaning Democratic Leadership Council\u2014which was famously dedicated to \u201cinnovative, non-bureaucratic, market-based solutions\u201d\u2014sought to take back the issue of welfare from the Republicans. Picking up misleading stereotypes of poor women of color as lazy, promiscuous, and dependent, they cast welfare as the pitfall of American liberalism\u2014with its morally corrupt and entrapping benefits, lax immigration rules, and crippling cycle of dependency. That public derision largely focused on African-American and Latina immigrant women, though the majority of recipients were white.\t\t\t\t\t \u003Cstyle\u003E\n .cta.primary.tQnSXjJlCS{\n background: #cc0e0e !important;\n color: #ffffff !important;\n }\n .cta.primary.tQnSXjJlCS a:hover\n {\n color: #cc0e0e !important;\n background: #ffffff !important;\n }\n \u003C\/style\u003E\n \u003Caside class=\u0022siderail__item full cta primary right article_action_right tQnSXjJlCS\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022item__content\u0022\u003E\n \u003Ch3\u003EGET A DIGITAL SUBSCRIPTION \r\nFOR JUST $9.50!\r\n\u003C\/h3\u003E\n \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/ssl.palmcoastd.com\/06601\/apps\/ORDOPTION1LANDING?ikey=I**ARL\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022 class=\u0022btn\u0022\u003ESubscribe\u003C\/a\u003E \n \u003C\/div\u003E \n\u003C\/aside\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003ETheir solution was to \u201cend welfare as we know it,\u201d which they did in August 1996 when Clinton \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/wp-srv\/politics\/special\/welfare\/stories\/wf080196.htm\u0022\u003Esigned\u003C\/a\u003E the Republican-backed PRWORA. The PRWORA was a radical piece of legislation that restricted eligibility for cash welfare (now called Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, or TANF); introduced a five-year lifetime limit on TANF benefits; imposed strict work requirements while making it harder for poor mothers to earn a college degree; strong-armed states to drastically reduce their caseloads; and changed public assistance from a federal entitlement program to state block grants, giving states enormous flexibility on how to spend TANF funds. Passed in an era of rising nativism, PRWORA also barred legal immigrants from receiving major federal benefits, including food stamps and social security income (some of which were restored by Congress in subsequent years).\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003ENo mere bystander, Hillary Clinton played an active role in the lead-up to welfare reform, advocating \u201charsher polices like ending traditional welfare,\u201d as journalist (and Nation contributor) Liza Featherstone \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/article\/why-this-socialist-feminist-is-not-voting-for-hillary\/\u0022\u003Ewrites\u003C\/a\u003E, \u201ceven as others in the administration, like Labor Secretary Robert Reich, proposed alternatives.\u201d Indeed, in 1997 Clinton \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/usuncut.com\/politics\/who-said-it-donald-trump-hillary-clinton\/\u0022\u003Etook credit\u003C\/a\u003E for pushing for a welfare bill that would more closely monitor and punish women\u2019s \u201cpoor parenting\u201d behavior: \u201cI\u2019ve advocated tying the welfare payment to certain behavior about being a good parent. You couldn\u2019t get your welfare check if your child wasn\u2019t immunized. You couldn\u2019t get your welfare check if you didn\u2019t participate in a parenting program. You couldn\u2019t get your check if you didn\u2019t show up for student-teacher conferences.\u201d\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cstyle\u003E\n\t\t\t.article-wrap .article-body aside.left.custom_background_204683\t\t\t {\n\t\t\t background:#5000b2 !important;\n\t\t\t }\n\t\t\t \u003C\/style\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\u003Caside class=\u0022left takeaction indent custom_background_204683\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022action_tout_heading\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cp\u003ELIKE THIS? GET MORE OF OUR BEST REPORTING AND ANALYSIS\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cform action=\u0022\u0022 name=\u0022sailthru_action_tout_form\u0022 method=\u0022post\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cinput type=\u0022email\u0022 name=\u0022email\u0022 id=\u0022take_action_sailthru_email_204683\u0022 class=\u0022take_action_sailthru_email\u0022 Placeholder=\u0022Enter Email\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cinput type=\u0022hidden\u0022 name=\u0022take_action_sailthru_list_final\u0022 id=\u0022take_action_sailthru_list_final_204683\u0022 value=\u0022daily_tout,master,daily\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022cta\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cinput type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022take_action_sailthru_submit\u0022 name=\u0022submit_sailthru\u0022 value=\u0022SIGN UP!\u0022 onclick=\u0022add_action_tout_sailthru(204683)\u0022\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/form\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\u003Cp id=\u0022action_tout_response_204683\u0022\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\u003C\/aside\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003E(It bears mentioning that Hillary Clinton\u2019s stereotypical welfare mother differed from Ronald Reagan\u2019s \u201cwelfare queen.\u201d In Clinton\u2019s version, reminiscent of Progressive era uplift programs, poor women are deficient mothers who need \u201cdiscipline\u201d and \u201ctraining\u201d from tough yet beneficent politicians like her.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Clintons claimed that supporting PRWORA was politically pragmatic, a necessity to win the 1996 election and take the issue away from the Republicans. Yet, Clinton\u2019s aides at the time did not see it as politically necessary. Clinton aide George Stephanopoulos reportedly\u00a0\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/politics\/articles\/2015-05-26\/will-hillary-clinton-run-against-her-husband-s-welfare-legacy-\u0022\u003Etold the president\u003C\/a\u003E that signing the bill wasn\u2019t necessary for his reelection, because\u00a0he had a sufficient\u00a0lead over Republican nominee Bob Dole to beat him in November. Meanwhile, three prominent Clinton Administration officials working at Health and Human Services\u2014Mary Jo Bane, Wendell Primus and longtime friend Peter Edelman\u2014resigned in protest. While the Clintons in their stump speeches talk up Hillary\u2019s community roots at the Children\u2019s Defense Fund (CDF), her former is mentor, CDF President Marian Wright Edelman told \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.democracynow.org\/2007\/7\/24\/childrens_defense_funds_marian_wright_edelman\u0022\u003EDemocracy Now in 2007\u003C\/a\u003E that, in light of the Clintons\u2019 support for welfare reform, Hillary \u201cis an old friend but they are not friends in politics.\u201d\u003Caside class=\u0022ad full-width-mobile right grey_back\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\u003Cdiv id=\u0022ad-halfpage-204683-3\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/advertising-policy\u0022 class=\u0022ad-policy\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003EAd Policy\u003C\/a\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003C\/aside\u003E\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\tcall_ad(\u0027halfpage\u0027,\u0027ad-halfpage-204683-3\u0027,\u0027tn_politics_government_ros_halfpage_2\u0027,\u0027tn_politics_government_ros_halfpage_mobile_2\u0027,custom_targeting,key,values);\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/script\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EEven after welfare reform had passed, Clinton continued to praise it in columns she wrote as First Lady. Distorting feminist ideas that linked women\u2019s independence to meaningful careers outside the home, she portrayed welfare recipients as dependents who needed to be cajoled to get a job for their own good. Picking up this theme in a 1999 column, she paternalistically affirmed: \u201cToo many of those on welfare had known nothing but dependency all their lives, and many would have found it difficult to make the transition to work on their own.\u201d In \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.creators.com\/opinion\/hillary-clinton\/talking-it-over-2000-03-15.html\u0022\u003E2000\u003C\/a\u003E, she echoed the same theme, taking direct ownership of the legislation: \u201cSince \u003Cem\u003Ewe \u003C\/em\u003Efirst asked mothers to move from welfare to work, millions of families have made the transition from dependency to dignity.\u201d (Emphasis added.)\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EClinton did not acknowledge that most states require TANF recipients to accept the first job they are offered, regardless of the pay or working conditions, and that the vast majority of jobs accessible to former recipients are low-paying, \u201cdirty,\u201d or contingent jobs that have historically been assigned to women and people of color.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\u003Caside class=\u0022left twitter-quote indent\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIn the aftermath of welfare reform, people most in need—disproportionately families of color—fall through the shredded public safety net, making it increasingly difficult to escape poverty.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Ca target=\u0022_blank\u0022 class=\u0022tw span_article_tweet\u0022 href=\u0022http:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?text=In+the+aftermath+of+welfare+reform%2C+people+most+in+need%E2%80%94disproportionately+families+of+color%E2%80%94fall+through+the+shredde http:\/\/thenat.in\/1pmTwMH\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/p\u003E\t\u003C\/aside\u003E\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EMoreover, Clinton\u2019s gendered and racialized language of dependency was not accidental. Racial code words and optics were especially crucial to the Clinton\u2019s assault on welfare, as well as to their disingenuous messaging that \u201creform\u201d had empowered black women. Standing beside President Clinton at the public signing of PRWORA was Lillie Harden, a 42-year old African American mother from Little Rock, Arkansas, who had stopped receiving welfare benefits after she got a job at a supermarket. Harden\u2019s presence at this ceremony, at the invitation of the White House, delivered an untruthful message: recipients were black and would never have left welfare without the government\u2019s push.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EHad the Clintons maintained an interest in Harden, they would have discovered that her \u201csuccess\u201d was short-lived. After suffering a stroke in 2002, she asked journalist Jason DeParle to relay a message to Clinton \u201casking if he could help her get on Medicaid. She had received it on welfare, but had been rejected now, and she couldn’t afford her $450 monthly bill for prescription drugs.\u201d Harden died in March of 2014, at the age of 59.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EThanks to an avalanche of research published \u003Cem\u003Ebefore\u003C\/em\u003E PRWORA\u2019s passage, the White House and Congress knew that most single mothers who used cash assistance did so during short periods of unemployment, to get a maternity leave that they didn\u2019t receive from work, or as a way to escape domestic violence and get back on their feet\u2014in other words to help assert their needs and independence. Studies then, like now, also showed that most recipients combined work, cash assistance and food stamps because jobs were scarce, and that a full-time worker who earned the minimum wage still fell below the poverty line.\u00a0Indeed, as poverty experts warned, legislation that did not provide educational opportunities and transportation supports to poor mothers, subsidize quality childcare, improve wages, and create more good jobs, was destined to fail.\u003Caside class=\u0022ad full-width-mobile right grey_back\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\u003Cdiv id=\u0022ad-halfpage-204683-4\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/advertising-policy\u0022 class=\u0022ad-policy\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003EAd Policy\u003C\/a\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003C\/aside\u003E\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\tcall_ad(\u0027halfpage\u0027,\u0027ad-halfpage-204683-4\u0027,\u0027tn_politics_government_ros_halfpage_2\u0027,\u0027tn_politics_government_ros_halfpage_mobile_2\u0027,custom_targeting,key,values);\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/script\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EIn a nod to critics, Bill Clinton promised to raise the minimum wage during his second term. But no increase happened, apparently, \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.huffingtonpost.com\/2014\/04\/18\/clinton-minimum-wage_n_5174999.html\u0022\u003Eas documents released in 2014 show\u003C\/a\u003E, because the Clintons and his advisors did not want to lose an important campaign issue that could continue to draw in voters to Democratic candidates.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EAt the same time, neither the President nor Congress ordered the collection of data to track what was happening to people when they stopped receiving welfare. All the government cared to know about was the drop in the rolls\u2014not whether former recipients had found jobs, how much they were earning, or whether families had adequate shelter and nutrition.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\u003Caside class=\u0022left twitter-quote indent\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t“I’ve advocated tying the welfare payment to certain behavior about being a good parent. You couldn’t get your welfare check if your child wasn’t immunized. You couldn’t get your welfare check if you didn’t participate in a parenting program...”\r\n— Hillary Clinton, 1997\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Ca target=\u0022_blank\u0022 class=\u0022tw span_article_tweet\u0022 href=\u0022http:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?text=%E2%80%9CI%E2%80%99ve+advocated+tying+the+welfare+payment+to+certain+behavior+about+being+a+good+parent.+You+couldn%E2%80%99t+get+your+welfar http:\/\/thenat.in\/1pmTwMH\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/p\u003E\t\u003C\/aside\u003E\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EAnd yet, since PRWORA\u2019s implementation, many studies of the \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.commondreams.org\/views\/2015\/08\/23\/poor-mothers-dont-matter-welfare-policy\u0022\u003Eeffects\u003C\/a\u003E of \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Lost-Ground-Welfare-Reform-Poverty\/dp\/0896086585\u0022\u003Ethis legislation\u003C\/a\u003E, including \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Not-Working-Immigrants-Low-Wage-Failure\/dp\/0814757103\/ref=tmm_pap_swatch_0?_encoding=UTF8&qid=&sr=\u0022\u003Eour own\u003C\/a\u003E, have \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.cbpp.org\/research\/policy-basics-an-introduction-to-tanf\u0022\u003Econcluded\u003C\/a\u003E that it has \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.jacobinmag.com\/2016\/02\/welfare-reform-bill-hillary-clinton-tanf-poverty-dlc\/\u0022\u003Eonly\u003C\/a\u003E succeeded in \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Immigrants-Welfare-Reform-Poverty-Policy\/dp\/0275978737\/ref=sr_1_2?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1456495137&sr=1-2&keywords=welfare+reform+immigrants\u0022\u003Epushing\u003C\/a\u003E people out of the welfare system\u2014\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.theatlantic.com\/education\/archive\/2015\/08\/why-single-moms-struggle-with-college\/401582\/\u0022\u003Enot helped\u003C\/a\u003E the vast majority \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/www.press.jhu.edu\/journals\/feminist_formations\/20.1.adair.pdf\u0022\u003Eout of poverty\u003C\/a\u003E. Even during the boom years of the late 1990s, when former recipients were job hunting in a robust labor market, research showed that poor mothers were being channeled into low-wage, dead-end jobs, and that many who \u201ctimed out\u201d or were \u201csanctioned out\u201d of TANF could not find work because they needed more education and training.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EIn our study of the effects of welfare reform on Latina immigrants who had received public assistance after welfare reform (the vast majority of whom were working and married \u003Cem\u003Ebefore\u003C\/em\u003E welfare reform but earned such meager wages they also had to rely on cash benefits), two thirds of the women left or were pushed off welfare but not a single one got a job that moved her family out of poverty. But these women\u2019s “success” at leaving welfare was used\u00a0to demonstrate the soundness of welfare reform.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EMoreover, the immense stigma of receiving welfare and the difficulty of actually getting on TANF means that the vast majority of poor families are not able to access assistance. In an average month in 2014, there were more than twice as many unemployed single mothers as there were \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.cbpp.org\/research\/family-income-support\/chart-book-tanf-at-19\u0022\u003Eeligible families\u003C\/a\u003E receiving cash assistance. And in 2013, even though 20 percent of all American children were living under the official poverty line, fewer than 15 percent (or 2.4 million) received TANF.\u003Caside class=\u0022ad full-width-mobile right grey_back\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\u003Cdiv id=\u0022ad-halfpage-204683-5\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/advertising-policy\u0022 class=\u0022ad-policy\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003EAd Policy\u003C\/a\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003C\/aside\u003E\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\tcall_ad(\u0027halfpage\u0027,\u0027ad-halfpage-204683-5\u0027,\u0027tn_politics_government_ros_halfpage_2\u0027,\u0027tn_politics_government_ros_halfpage_mobile_2\u0027,custom_targeting,key,values);\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/script\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EThe record of the past two decades shows that the US has gotten \u003Cem\u003Eworse\u003C\/em\u003E at preventing childhood poverty. Whereas welfare benefits lifted 2 million children out of extreme poverty prior to 1996, this was true for \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.cbpp.org\/research\/family-income-support\/chart-book-tanf-at-19\u0022\u003Eonly 629,000 children\u003C\/a\u003E in 2010. In part this is because TANF benefits are unconscionably low. In all 50 states, TANF benefits are below 50 percent of the poverty line; in 30 states, the average welfare check pays for less than half the rent.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EResearch also shows that federal quotas for caseload reductions pressured states to reduce their TANF rolls by any means necessary and lead to further criminalizing of poor women of color. And with control of welfare now given to the states in the form of block grants, a revival of Jim Crow-like \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.theroot.com\/articles\/culture\/2016\/02\/when_states_run_welfare_black_children_are_the_ones_who_get_hurt.html\u0022\u003Epractices\u003C\/a\u003E and exclusions have flourished as Southern states have largely dismantled their welfare system and pay some of the lowest benefits in the nation.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\u003Caside class=\u0022left twitter-quote indent\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t“Since we first asked mothers to move from welfare to work, millions of families have made the transition from dependency to dignity.”\r\n— Hillary Clinton, 2000\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Ca target=\u0022_blank\u0022 class=\u0022tw span_article_tweet\u0022 href=\u0022http:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?text=%E2%80%9CSince+we+first+asked+mothers+to+move+from+welfare+to+work%2C+millions+of+families+have+made+the+transition+from+depend http:\/\/thenat.in\/1pmTwMH\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/p\u003E\t\u003C\/aside\u003E\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EPRWORA also validated the idea that non-citizens\u2014including those people who legally reside and work in the US\u2014should pay the same taxes as citizens but have lesser public entitlements and rights. Even though Congress partially restored some food stamp and social security benefits for non-citizens who resided in the US prior to 1996, multiple studies conducted after this legal restoration found persistent and widespread instances of caseworkers misinforming immigrants about their rights, and denying assistance to qualified applicants on the basis of their immigration status. PRWORA also introduced unprecedented cooperation and information sharing between law enforcement and immigration enforcement agencies, laying the groundwork for the Patriot\u00a0Act and the deportation regime that has characterized the past 15 years.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile the Clintons promised reform would give poor people a \u201chand-up,\u201d most TANF spending by states does not meet the program\u2019s purported priorities. The block grant system has enabled states to use federal TANF funds to fill in for shortages in state budgets. States today spend only 8 percent of their TANF funds on work-related activities while fifteen states spend less than 5 percent of their budget on child care subsidies for working parents who receive TANF. Given the vagaries of the low-wage labor market where women often cobble together various poverty-wage jobs with little access to the quality affordable childcare or transportation supports that the legislation promised, welfare reform further devalued and destabilized care for poor children.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EWhile perhaps the most effective way out of poverty is a college degree, the legislation made it extremely difficult for TANF recipients to pursue higher education (4-year college \u003Cem\u003Eno longer\u003C\/em\u003E counted as a work-related activity which made a person eligible for benefits). And so while in 1995, 649,000 student parents were receiving cash assistance while enrolled full-time in education programs, \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/archive.aacu.org\/ocww\/volume33_3\/fromwhereisit.cfm?section=2r\u0022\u003Eonly 35,000 full-time students received TANF aid in 2004\u003C\/a\u003E.\u003Caside class=\u0022ad full-width-mobile right grey_back\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\u003Cdiv id=\u0022ad-halfpage-204683-6\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/advertising-policy\u0022 class=\u0022ad-policy\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003EAd Policy\u003C\/a\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003C\/aside\u003E\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cscript type=\u0022text\/javascript\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\tcall_ad(\u0027halfpage\u0027,\u0027ad-halfpage-204683-6\u0027,\u0027tn_politics_government_ros_halfpage_2\u0027,\u0027tn_politics_government_ros_halfpage_mobile_2\u0027,custom_targeting,key,values);\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/script\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp style=\u0022text-align: center;\u0022\u003E* * *\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EIn the face of such devastating evidence, Hillary Clinton\u2019s silence on the issue of welfare reform reveals much about her as a candidate. Like her husband, she changes her position according to political currents. The Clintons have made calculated decisions to change their public position around other damaging policies they took during their White House years, notably with same-sex marriage (and the Defense of Marriage Act) and more recently with mass incarceration (particularly the 1994 Crime Bill). Yet, while no longer openly celebrating welfare reform, Hillary constantly positions herself as the best advocate for women and children but does not feel politically or morally compelled to call for reforming the broken TANF system she helped to create.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003ESanders\u2019s \u201crevolutionary\u201d campaign for the US Presidency has also been remarkably silent on the need to restore the social safety net. Despite his criticism of Clinton on welfare reform, Sanders has said nothing about improving means-tested public assistance, and only offered the goal of raising the minimum wage to $15 (Clinton has promised\u00a0to raise it to\u00a0$12, which would bring a full-time worker just to the poverty line.) While Sanders talks about expanding Medicare, he\u2019s conspicuously quiet on matters related to TANF.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\u003Caside class=\u0022left twitter-quote indent\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSanders’s “revolutionary” campaign for the US Presidency has also been remarkably silent on the need to restore the social safety net.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Ca target=\u0022_blank\u0022 class=\u0022tw span_article_tweet\u0022 href=\u0022http:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?text=Sanders%E2%80%99s+%E2%80%9Crevolutionary%E2%80%9D+campaign+for+the+US+Presidency+has+also+been+remarkably+silent+on+the+need+to+restore+the+s http:\/\/thenat.in\/1pmTwMH\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/p\u003E\t\u003C\/aside\u003E\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EIndeed, while lamenting that the US has the highest child poverty rate in the industrialized world, Sanders should follow the example of many social democratic nations, whose models he celebrates, which provide cash transfers to children in economically struggling households. As journalists Clio Chang and Samuel Adler-Bell \u003Ca href=\u0022https:\/\/newrepublic.com\/article\/128878\/missing-bernies-revolution-welfare-reform\u0022\u003Econclude\u003C\/a\u003E, \u201cThis policy contributes to the low \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.oecd.org\/social\/income-distribution-database.htm\u0022\u003Echild poverty rates\u003C\/a\u003E found in Denmark (2.7 percent), Finland (4.6 percent), and Norway (5.9 percent). The United States, for comparison, has a child poverty rate of \u003Cem\u003E19.6 percent.\u201d\u003C\/em\u003E\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EMany progressives have criticized the gendered myopia of the \u201cBernie bros\u201d and Sanders\u2019s reluctance to speak out on racial issues he deems \u201cdivisive.\u201d Here too, his lack of advocacy for restoring a safety net raises questions about whether he, like Clinton, fears the cost with white voters by advocating for entitlements for poor people of all races. Although he has asserted that \u201cBlack Lives Matter,\u201d he has yet to call out the racism at the heart of the framing of welfare reform that is regularly repeated in current conversations around public entitlements to the poor.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EBy only promoting policies that protect American workers, Sanders sidesteps the realities of the US economy, which many economists argue, is structurally reliant on unemployment, flexible labor, and underemployment. Fifteen dollars an hour falls far short if you can only get fifteen hours of work a week.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\u003Caside class=\u0022left twitter-quote indent\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHillary Clinton’s silence on the issue of welfare reform reveals much about her as a candidate.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Ca target=\u0022_blank\u0022 class=\u0022tw span_article_tweet\u0022 href=\u0022http:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?text=Hillary+Clinton%E2%80%99s+silence+on+the+issue+of+welfare+reform+reveals+much+about+her+as+a+candidate. http:\/\/thenat.in\/1pmTwMH\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/p\u003E\t\u003C\/aside\u003E\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003ESanders\u2019s employment-centered \u201cNew Deal\u201d policies also disregard and undervalue the need and importance of the care work in our society, the caring for children, the elderly, and disabled that is disproportionately done by women. Many economists agree that a strong welfare state that guarantees a dignified income to everyone\u2014including those who, for various reasons, are not employed\u2014benefits all of society by lifting wages and reducing poverty. Improving wages and working conditions \u003Cem\u003Eand \u003C\/em\u003Ebuilding a robust and non-stigmatized social safety net that protects the vulnerable, supplements part-time labor, and provides income for poor women and men to care for their own families are essential to achieving a just and inclusive society\u2014yet Sanders only advocates for making work pay.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003Cp\u003EIf welfare reform marked the ascendency of the \u201cneoliberal Democrats\u201d in the 1990s, then restoring the social safety net must be part of the newly energized progressive movement to reclaim and redirect the Democratic Party.\u00a0Twenty years after the passage of legislation that thrust more Americans into poverty, the time is now.\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\u003C\/section\u003E\n\t\t\u003Cfooter class=\u0022article-footer narrow\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022footer-module comments\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003C!---- Comments count function ----\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\u003Ca class=\u0022click_comment\u0022 href=\u0022\u0022\u003E3 Comments\u003C\/a\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022footer-module\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\u003Cul class=\u0022article-share\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca class=\u0022social-share fb\u0022 href=\u0022javascript:void(0)\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan\u003EFacebook\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca class=\u0022social-share tw\u0022 href=\u0022javascript:void(0)\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan\u003ETwitter\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca class=\u0022social-share email\u0022 href=\u0022javascript:void(0)\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan\u003EEmail\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca class=\u0022social-share tn_print\u0022 href=\u0022javascript:void(0)\u0022 onclick=\u0022tn_print_fn()\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan\u003EPrint\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\u003C\/ul\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003C!--\u003Cdiv class=\u0022footer-module narrow supplemental-info\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/div\u003E--\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022footer-module narrow author-bio\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/authors\/alejandra-marchevsky\/\u0022\u003E Alejandra Marchevsky\u003C\/a\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/span\u003E Alejandra Marchevsky is professor of Liberal Studies and Women’s and Gender Studies at California State University, Los Angeles. She is a member of the \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.apple.com\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003ECoalition for Humane Immigrant Rights Los Angeles\u003C\/a\u003E and active in the immigrant rights movement. \r\n\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cspan\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/authors\/jeanne-theoharis\/\u0022\u003E Jeanne Theoharis\u003C\/a\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/span\u003E Jeanne Theoharis, Distinguished Professor of Political Science at the City University of New York\u2019s Brooklyn College, is the author of the award-winning\u00a0\u003Cem\u003EThe Rebellious Life of Mrs. Rosa Parks.\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/em\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cbr\/\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022footer-module narrow contact-us\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ETo submit a correction for our consideration, click \u003Ca target=_blank href=\/corrections\u003Ehere.\u003C\/a\u003E\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/p\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EFor Reprints and Permissions, click \u003Ca target=\u0022_blank\u0022 href=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenationreprints.com\/services\/reprints\/\u0022\u003Ehere.\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv id=\u0022comments_204683\u0022 class=\u0022commentContainer\u0022 style=\u0022display:none\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv id=\u0022comments\u0022 class=\u0022comments-area\u0022\u003E\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cdiv id=\u0022respond\u0022 class=\u0022comment-respond\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\u003Ch3 id=\u0022reply-title\u0022 class=\u0022comment-reply-title\u0022\u003ELeave a Comment \u003Csmall\u003E\u003Ca rel=\u0022nofollow\u0022 id=\u0022cancel-comment-reply-link\u0022 href=\u0022\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php#respond\u0022 style=\u0022display:none;\u0022\u003ECancel reply\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/small\u003E\u003C\/h3\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cp class=\u0022must-log-in\u0022\u003EIn order to comment, you must be logged in as a paid subscriber. \u003Ca href=\u0022#TB_inlinepcd_login?width=600&height=550&inlineId=login-content-id-pcd_login\u0022 class=\u0022thickbox comment_login_link\u0022\u003E Click here to log in\u003C\/a\u003E or subscribe.\u003C\/p\u003E\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C!-- #respond --\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C!--\u003Ch2 class=\u0022comments-title\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/h2\u003E--\u003E\n\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022comment_sorting_setting_outer\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022sort_com_label\u0022\u003ESort comments By:\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\u003Cselect id=\u0022comment_sorting_setting\u0022 name=\u0022comment_sorting_setting\u0022 class=\u0022comment_sorting_setting\u0022 comment_postid=\u0022204683\u0022 my-ajax-url=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Coption sort-attr=\u00221\u0022 selected=selected\u003EChronological Order\u003C\/option\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Coption sort-attr=\u00222\u0022 \u003EMost Liked\u003C\/option\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\u003C\/select\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022clear\u0022\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\u003Col class=\u0022comment-list custom_comments\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t \u003Cli id=\u0022comment-2109907593\u0022 class=\u0022comment byuser comment-author-600160469 even thread-even depth-1 parent\u0022\u003E\n \u003Carticle id=\u0022div-comment-2109907593\u0022 commentIDVal=\u00222109907593\u0022 class=\u0022comment-body \u0022\u003E\n \t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022comment-content\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cb class=\u0022fn\u0022\u003ESheryll Thomson\u003C\/b\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022says\u0022\u003Esays:\u003C\/span\u003E\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022comment-metadata\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Ctime datetime=\u00222016-03-01T19:00:39+00:00\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMarch 1, 2016 at 7:00 pm\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/time\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C!-- .comment-metadata --\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EBrilliant article.\r\nI agree. Bernice Sanders needs to Immediately include asserting the need for Reform for 'Welfare Reform', in order to really do all the things for the society he wants to do. Having a viable social safety net is the Basis for his agenda\/revolution. \r\nIn the meantime, due to the Clintons' hard-hearted, lying, short-sighted and poorly judged (like her judgments on Iraq and Libya (see NYTimes' two part-article now on Hillary's involvement in Libya, another set of decisions that left destruction in their \r\nwakes) promotion of the Welfare Reform Act.....\r\n\r\nSanders Must begin to lay out Clinton's terrible terrible conduct both as First Lady\/co-president and as Secretary of State. There are so many, as this article documents and Michelle Alexander attests (in The Nation) and renowned Columbia University professor Jeffrey Sachs, writes in 'Hillary Clinton is the Candidate of the War Machine' (Feb 5, Huffpost.com). and others, if people would only read them.\r\n\r\n(It would be good if Marian Wright Edelman, founder of the Children's...., touted by Clinton as\r\n her mentor in speeches but who Edelman has acknowledged they are 'not political friends' (see this article), it would be good if Edelman would speak out about the Clintons' long-time attacks on children.)\u003C\/p\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022ldc-cmt-box clearfix\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022ldc-ul_cont\u0022 onclick=\u0022alter_ul_post_values(this,2109907593,\u0027c_like\u0027)\u0022 \u003E\u003Cimg src=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/wp-content\/themes\/thenation\/images\/up.png\u0022 alt=\u0022upimg\u0022\/\u003E(\u003Cspan\u003E0\u003C\/span\u003E)\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022ldc-ul_cont\u0022 onclick=\u0022alter_ul_post_values(this,2109907593,\u0027c_dislike\u0027)\u0022 \u003E\u003Cimg src=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/wp-content\/themes\/thenation\/images\/down.png\u0022 alt=\u0022downimg\u0022\/\u003E(\u003Cspan\u003E0\u003C\/span\u003E)\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C!-- .comment-content --\u003E\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\u003C\/article\u003E\n\t\t\t\n\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C!-- #comment-## --\u003E\n\u003Col class=\u0022children\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cli id=\u0022comment-2109907594\u0022 class=\u0022comment byuser comment-author-600160469 odd alt depth-2\u0022\u003E\n \u003Carticle id=\u0022div-comment-2109907594\u0022 commentIDVal=\u00222109907594\u0022 class=\u0022comment-body \u0022\u003E\n \t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022comment-content\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cb class=\u0022fn\u0022\u003ESheryll Thomson\u003C\/b\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022says\u0022\u003Esays:\u003C\/span\u003E\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022comment-metadata\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Ctime datetime=\u00222016-03-01T19:04:36+00:00\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMarch 1, 2016 at 7:04 pm\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/time\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C!-- .comment-metadata --\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003ECorrections: Obviously, my spell check has written Bernice and not Bernie. Edelman's organization is, I\r\n think, Children's Defense Fund, and she is Congress member at Large of Washington, D.C., without voting rights.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022ldc-cmt-box clearfix\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022ldc-ul_cont\u0022 onclick=\u0022alter_ul_post_values(this,2109907594,\u0027c_like\u0027)\u0022 \u003E\u003Cimg src=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/wp-content\/themes\/thenation\/images\/up.png\u0022 alt=\u0022upimg\u0022\/\u003E(\u003Cspan\u003E0\u003C\/span\u003E)\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022ldc-ul_cont\u0022 onclick=\u0022alter_ul_post_values(this,2109907594,\u0027c_dislike\u0027)\u0022 \u003E\u003Cimg src=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/wp-content\/themes\/thenation\/images\/down.png\u0022 alt=\u0022downimg\u0022\/\u003E(\u003Cspan\u003E0\u003C\/span\u003E)\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C!-- .comment-content --\u003E\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\u003C\/article\u003E\n\t\t\t\n\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C!-- #comment-## --\u003E\n\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C!-- #comment-## --\u003E\n\u003C\/ol\u003E\u003C!-- .children --\u003E\n\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C!-- #comment-## --\u003E\n \u003Cli id=\u0022comment-2109907588\u0022 class=\u0022comment byuser comment-author-000978528 even thread-odd thread-alt depth-1\u0022\u003E\n \u003Carticle id=\u0022div-comment-2109907588\u0022 commentIDVal=\u00222109907588\u0022 class=\u0022comment-body \u0022\u003E\n \t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022comment-content\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cb class=\u0022fn\u0022\u003ECharlotte E Edwards\u003C\/b\u003E \u003Cspan class=\u0022says\u0022\u003Esays:\u003C\/span\u003E\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022comment-metadata\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Ctime datetime=\u00222016-03-01T18:38:58+00:00\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMarch 1, 2016 at 6:38 pm\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/time\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C!-- .comment-metadata --\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cp\u003EAnyone who had any extensive contact with welfare recipients before the passage of this obscene bill realized that it was a disaster for many. Why didn't Ms First Lady?\u003C\/p\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022ldc-cmt-box clearfix\u0022\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022ldc-ul_cont\u0022 onclick=\u0022alter_ul_post_values(this,2109907588,\u0027c_like\u0027)\u0022 \u003E\u003Cimg src=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/wp-content\/themes\/thenation\/images\/up.png\u0022 alt=\u0022upimg\u0022\/\u003E(\u003Cspan\u003E0\u003C\/span\u003E)\u003C\/span\u003E\u003Cspan class=\u0022ldc-ul_cont\u0022 onclick=\u0022alter_ul_post_values(this,2109907588,\u0027c_dislike\u0027)\u0022 \u003E\u003Cimg src=\u0022http:\/\/www.thenation.com\/wp-content\/themes\/thenation\/images\/down.png\u0022 alt=\u0022downimg\u0022\/\u003E(\u003Cspan\u003E0\u003C\/span\u003E)\u003C\/span\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C!-- .comment-content --\u003E\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\u003C\/article\u003E\n\t\t\t\n\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C!-- #comment-## --\u003E\n\u003C\/li\u003E\u003C!-- #comment-## --\u003E\n\t\t\u003C\/ol\u003E\u003C!-- .comment-list --\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C!-- #comments --\u003E\t\t\t\u003C\/div\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003C\/footer\u003E\n\t\t\u003Cfooter class=\u0022article-footer recirc-block\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022footer-module full-width-mobile recirc-block\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cdiv class=\u0022recirc column\u0022 id=\u0022recirccol-204683\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cul class=\u0022tag-browser\u0022\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca name=\u0022poverty\u0022 class=\u0022other\u0022 href=\u0022#\u0022\u003EPoverty\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\n\t\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca name=\u0022hillary-clinton\u0022 class=\u0022other\u0022 href=\u0022#\u0022\u003EHillary Clinton\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/li\u003E\n\t\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca name=\u0022bill-clinton\u0022 class=\u0022other\u0022 href=\u0022#\u0022\u003EBill 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